Sudden drop in temperature, and guard against skin frostbite

Central Meteorological Station latest weather forecast by strong cold air, the next three days, most areas in east China would have been a 6 ~ 12 ℃ substantial cooling, cold winter weather so that people really feel the cold at the same time, the most immediate health problems skin, frostbite may occur. Every sudden temperature drop when the number of frostbite patients will increase, and many young people due to the pursuit of beautiful fashion clothes is also susceptible to frostbite do not want to add. Experts suggest that not too cold or wet in the outdoor environment, length of stay for too long, excessive drinkers and workers in the corresponding time in the outdoors is easy problems, in particular, to remind, to pay attention to additional warm clothing. What happens there will be frostbite? Which obvious symptoms after frostbite? Different levels as the situation of the different treatment of frostbite, you have to know how much?

There are four grading of frostbite, amputation or serious!

Frostbite generally occurs in the temperature dropped to minus 1 degrees. The first part of the body easy to frostbite of the skin surface exposed, such as the hands, nose, ears, face, etc.; the second is the body away from the heart of the region, such as the feet, mainly because from the heart of the region affected by the impact of blood circulation minimum.

First of all will feel tingling, and then the skin will appear pale spots, accompanied by numbness. Then there will be pebble-like lump, accompanied by pain, swelling, redness, blistering, and finally weaken and disappear.

The clinical severity of frostbite is divided into four, mild with care to rehabilitation, severe cases may require amputation of the situation there:

◆ 1 degree: injuries to the epidermis, local congestion, swelling, formation of erythema, can be self-healing skin ,5-10 days cut off.

◆ 2 degrees: harm germinal layer of the skin, forming a blister, you can self-healing, long time, blisters disappeared 2 to 3 weeks to form a crust, crust 3 to 4 weeks off to heal.

◆ 3 degrees: injuries to skin and subcutaneous tissue, full thickness skin necrosis, was purple, pain, long hours, oppressive, up to 3 to 5 weeks, the swelling subsided slowly. Dry necrotic tissue, the formation of a black dry scab, dry scab falls off revealing granulation tissue separation.

◆ 4 degrees: skin, skin, muscles, bones have been damaged, mainly for the physical pain, lasting 15 to 30 days, until the formation of dry necrosis, pain disappeared. Some patients still have pain after amputation, may be associated with neuritis, arteritis, and infection.

4 degrees of frostbite in the line occurred 12 days after rewarming, dry limbs off a long time, 2 months.

Frostbite occurs early treatment, should not delay!

5 to 10 degrees below zero temperatures, if prolonged stay in the cold outdoors, frostbite may occur. When frostbite occurs, immediately for treatment. Mainly in the following methods:

1, as soon as possible from the cold environment into a warm environment, and rapidly cooling off wet or tight clothing and footwear, covered with blankets for insulation.

2, the body frostbite patients, abnormal heartbeat if there is breathing, give artificial respiration immediately and external cardiac massage.

3, rapid rewarming is the key to first aid. The method is the use of constant temperature 42 ℃ 40 ℃ hot water for a soak in 15-30 minutes, allow rapid recovery to normal body temperature. Criteria for skin flushing, a warm feeling physically, you can stop. Note that not too long soaking time, water temperature should not be too high. During rewarming can be gentle body massage, but do not be too drastic massage, so as not to cause skin ulceration, while rapid heating will affect the treatment.

4, can give patients taking hot drinks and eat a high calorie semi-liquid diet, such as hot milk.

5, for the local minor frostbite frostbite ointment topical medications can be applied to the lesion, with ulceration may regularly go to the hospital dressing treatment.

6, have been infected for ulceration and oral antibiotics can frostbite and frostbite lesion cream coated with antibiotics to help restore.

【Incomplete guidance programs to prevent frostbite】

1, not in cold or humid environment stay too long.

2 activities as much as possible about the hand or foot, such as hand-wringing, stamping and so on.

3, socks, shoes not too tight.

4, physical, enhance physical fitness, and the cold exercise. That from the summer wash with cold water, feet and so on.

5, time to eat, and pay attention to food quality. Eat higher calorie foods such as oils, meat and so on.

6, wash hands with hot pepper seedlings Jianshui often enough to prevent frostbite.

"Warm Winter" Tips:

① Do not immediately after frostbite hot!

② If frostbite in serious condition, discovered in time to prevent further deterioration of the injury, the best way is to put on the site of frostbite about 28-28.5 degrees of warm water in the recovery, but in no rub with snow or use of fire baking.

③ severe frostbite may occur when the symptoms are blisters, not only are vulnerable to infections, it is very easy to become ulcerated. Then froze the site will gradually dimmed, black, necrosis, eventually falling off. This time, taken to hospital as soon as possible, do not prick the blisters, friction and do not wound, the wound will produce heat pain.